{"id":2954,"date":"2021-10-01T18:02:29","date_gmt":"2021-10-01T11:02:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sidogirimedia.com\/new\/?p=2954"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:51:17","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T09:51:17","slug":"15-ramadan-138-h-abdurrahman-ad-dakhil-memasuki-andalusia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sidogirimedia.com\/new\/15-ramadan-138-h-abdurrahman-ad-dakhil-memasuki-andalusia\/","title":{"rendered":"15 RAMADAN 138 H, ABDURRAHMAN AD-DAKHIL MEMASUKI ANDALUSIA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tumbangnya kekuasaan Daulah Bani Umayyah di Damaskus<\/a> berakhir dengan tragis pada tahun 132 H. Hal itu menyebabkan terjadi pembunuhan massal dan pengejaran terhadap sisa-sisa keluarga Bani Umayyah oleh pasukan Abu Muslim al-Khurasani atas perintah Abdul Abbas as-Saffah. Abdurrahman yang saat itu baru berusia 22 tahun sempat lolos dari upaya pembunuhan. Pada saat ia dan dan adiknya bersembunyi di perkampungan tepi sungai Eferat, pasukan Bani Abbasiyyah berhasil menemukannya, ia berhasil lolos dengan cara berenang. Namun, adiknya tertangkap dan dibunuh, dia satu-satunya pangeran dari keluarga Bani Umayyah yang selamat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdurrahman menyusuri gurun bersama pendamping setianya, Baddar, untuk menghindari kejaran pasukan Bani Umayyah. Hidupnya terlunta-lunta sebagai seorang buronan Abbasiyyah yang nyawanya terancam. Keadaan itulah yang membuatnya menjadi seorang pemimpin yang kuat di masa mendatang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sepanjang pelariannya, Abdurrahman dan Baddar melewati Mesir melalui jalan alternatif untuk menghindari keramaian kota, kemudian melintasi bukit-bukit batu dan Sahara tandus hingga sampai ke kota Barca di Libya. Ketika suasana menjadi tidak kondusif lagi, karena pengaruh kekuasaan Bani Abbasiyyah mulai menguasai kota itu, mereka keluar menyusuri Afrika Utara hingga akhirnya tiba di kota Meknes dalam wilayah Maroko. Wilayah Maroko pada masa itu masuk dalam wilayah Andalusia, tunduk kepada Amir Andalusia yang berkedudukan di Toledo. Inilah untuk pertama kalinya seorang pangeran dari Bani Umayyah menjejakkan kakinya ke dalam wilayah kekuasaan Andalusia. Karenanya, Abdurahman dikenal dengan Sebutan Ad-Dakhil<\/em> yang berarti masuk, yaitu masuk ke wilayah Andalusia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil <\/em>dan Baddar menyamar selama hampir enam tahun lamanya. Dari kota Meknes itu keduanya akhirnya pindah ke kota pelabuhan Melilia di dekat kota Ceuta, di pesisir Lautan Tengah, menghadap semenanjung Liberia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Menguasai Andalusia<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adanya konflik antara suku Yamani dan suku Mudhari dipandang sebagai kesempatan emas untuk masuk ke dalam wilayah Andalusia. Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> mengirim Baddar untuk menghubungi tokoh-tokoh besar yang diharapkan dapat mendukungnya. Juga mantan pejabat-pejabat Umayyah yang telah dipecat dan masih tinggal di Andalusia. Ia berhasil menjalin kontak dan kesediaan dukungan dari kalangan suku Yamani untuk merebut Andalusia. Pada tahun 756 M, di kota Melilla, mereka kemudian membaiat Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> sebagai pemimpin, kemudian menyeberangi selat Gibraltal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Melihat pengaruh Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> yang kuat, tokoh-tokoh pembesar Andalusia turut berbaiat, diikuti pula oleh wali dan tokoh-tokoh kota Sevilla. Dengan dukungan yang semakin besar, Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> dan pengikutnya menuju kota Sidonia dan Moror. Di kedua kota ini wali kota beserta pembesar lainnya mengangkat baiat. Selanjutnya mereka menuju Kordoba, dan disambut oleh pembesar-pembesar Yamani. Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil juga sudah mendapatkan baiat dari penduduk Kota Malaga di pesisir timur Andalus, juga dari penduduk kota Ronda dan Xeres. Gerakan Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> pun tambah membesar dengan dukungan pembesar-pembesar suku Mudhari. Dengan dukungan penduduk kota yang telah berbaiat dan dua suku besar di Andalus, yaitu Yamani dan Mudhari, maka kekuatan Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> secara defacto telah menjadi pemimpin dari mayoritas penduduk Andalusia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yusuf ibnu Abdurrahman al-Fihri, penguasa wilayah Andalusia di perbatasan utara mencoba menghadang kekuatan Abdurrahman Ad-Dakhil<\/em> yang saat itu sudah kokoh dan didukung sebagian besar suku Arab di Andalusia, sebaliknya Yusuf al-Fihri hanya didukung oleh sukunya sendiri al-Fihri dan suku Kaisi, serta sepasukan tentara yang mengiringinya. Tak pelak lagi, ketika pecah perang saudara di depan kota benteng Kordoba, Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> berhasil mengalahkan Yusuf al-Fihri, dan mulai saat itu dia diakui sebagai pemimpin nomor satu di Andaluisia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Setelah menjadi penguasa Andalus, Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> menolak untuk tunduk kepada kekhalifahan Abbasiyah yang baru terbentuk, meskipun demikian ia tidak mengumumkan dirinya sebagai khalifah, hanya mengganggap dirinya sebagai amir saja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil<\/em> berhasil menyatukan Andalusia dan memerintah selama 32 tahun lamanya, dan pada tahun 172 H. ia wafat di Kordoba dalam usia 61 tahun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fauzan Imron\/sidogiri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baca juga: Peristiwa Penculikan Soekarno Hatta Ke Rengasdengklok<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beli juga: Terjemah Burdah<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baca juga: Sisi Lain Musik<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

15 ramadan 138 H, Abdurrahman Ad-Dakhil Memasuki Andalusia <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,37],"tags":[2351,2362,2352,2359,2356,2360,2350,2353,2361,2357,2358,2355,2354],"class_list":{"0":"post-2954","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-jeda","8":"category-kilas-balik","9":"tag-15-ramadan-138-h","10":"tag-abdurrahman-ad-dakhil-menaklukan-andalusia","11":"tag-abdurrahman-ad-dakhil-memasuki-andalusia","12":"tag-abdurrhman-ad-dakhil","13":"tag-andalusia","14":"tag-bani-umayyah","15":"tag-kekuasaan-damaskus","16":"tag-kekuasaan-daulah-bani-umayyah","17":"tag-keluarga-bani-umayyah","18":"tag-pembunuhan-bani-umayyah","19":"tag-penguasaan-andalusia","20":"tag-tokoh-tokoh-pembesar-andalusia","21":"tag-wilayah-andalusia"},"yoast_head":"\n15 RAMADAN 138 H, ABDURRAHMAN AD-DAKHIL MEMASUKI ANDALUSIA - Sidogiri Media Online<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tumbangnya kekuasaan Daulah Bani Umayyah di Damaskus berakhir dengan tragis pada tahun 132 H. 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